RealNetworks Production Guide
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Documentation Release Note
    Latest Additions
       September 2002
       July 2002
    Known Issues
    Undocumented Features
    Netscape Navigator 6 Issues

Introduction
    What is Helix?
    What This Guide Covers
    How this Guide Is Organized
    How to Download This Guide to Your Computer
    Conventions Used in this Guide
    Additional Resources
    Technical Support

1 New Features
    RealOne Player Introduced
    SMIL 2.0 Support
    New Clip Tag Attributes
    Expanded Grouping Possibilities
    Enhanced Layout Choices
    More Timing Possibilities
    New Linking Attributes
    Clip Transition Effects
    SMIL Animations
    Powerful Content Control Capabilities
    Additions and Deletions to this Guide

2 Presentation Planning
    Step 1: Decide How to Deliver Clips
       Helix Universal Server Streaming
          Using Helix Universal Server through an Internet Service Provider
       Web Server Downloading
       Local Playback
    Step 2: Learn the RealOne Player Interface
       The Three-Pane Environment
       The Media Playback Pane
          Media Playback Pane Sizing
       The Related Info Pane
          Related Info Pane Sizing
          HTML Page Caching
       The Media Browser Pane
          `Now Playing' List
          Secondary Browsing Windows
       Using Media Clips to Open HTML Pages
          Appending HTML URLs to Clip URLs in a Ram File
          Embedding HTML URLs Into a Clip
          Using SMIL to Coordinate Clips and HTML Pages
       Controlling a Presentation Through HTML Pages
          Linking One HTML Pane to the Other
          Launching a Clip with an HTML Page Link
          Using Javascript and VBScript Methods
    Step 3: Choose Clip Types and Gather Tools
       Audio and Video
          Audio and Video Production Tools
          RealAudio and RealVideo Encoding Tools
       SMIL
       Animation
       Images
          Images in SMIL Presentations
          RealSlideshow Presentations
          RealPix Markup
       Text
       Autoupdate Feature
          Compatibility with Earlier Versions of RealPlayer
          Protection of Copyrighted Content
    Step 4: Develop a Bandwidth Strategy
       Buffering
          Initial Buffering (Preroll)
          Rebuffering
       Audience Bandwidth Targets
          Multiclip Presentations
          Streaming at Less than the Maximum Speed
       Clip Bandwidth Characteristics
          RealAudio and RealVideo
          Flash
          RealText and SMIL
          RealPix (Slideshows)
          Images in SMIL Presentations
       Reaching Multiple Audiences
          SureStream RealAudio and RealVideo
          Switching Between Multiple Clips with SMIL
    Step 5: Organize the Presentation Timeline
       Timeline Considerations
          Clips with Internal Timelines
          Clips with Variable Timelines
          SMIL Timing Commands
       Timelines for Multiclip Presentations
       Timeline Management
    Step 6: Get Started With Production

3 Audio Production
    Understanding RealAudio
       Bandwidth and Audio Quality
       RealAudio Bandwidth Characteristics
       RealAudio Codecs
          Voice Codecs
          Mono Music Codecs
          Stereo Music Codecs
          RealAudio 8 Stereo Music Codecs
          Surround Sound Codecs
          Older RealAudio Codecs
       Steps for Streaming Audio
    Capturing Audio
       Source Media
       Recording Equipment
       Shielded Cables
       Input Levels
       Volume Levels for Live Broadcasts
       Sampling Rates
    Optimizing Audio
       DC Offset
       Normalization
       Dynamics Compression
       Equalization
    Encoding RealAudio with Helix Producer
       RealAudio in Multiclip Presentations

4 Video Production
    Understanding RealVideo
       RealVideo Bandwidth Characteristics
       RealVideo Frame Rates
       RealVideo Clarity
       RealVideo Dimensions
          Different Clip Dimensions for Different Bandwidths
       RealVideo Codecs
          RealVideo 9 Codec
          RealVideo 8 Codec
          RealVideo G2 Codecs
       Scalable Video Technology
       Steps for Streaming Video
    Recording Video
       Source Media Quality
       Video Staging
       Scene Changes and Movement
       Colors and Lighting
    Digitizing Video
       S-Video Output
       Color Depth
       Digitized Video Formats
       Video Capture Frame Rates
       Video Capture Screen Sizes
       Computer Speed and Disk Space
       Video Source File Size Limit
    Encoding RealVideo with Helix Producer
       RealVideo Streaming Speeds
       RealVideo Filters
          Noise Filters
          Resizing Filters
          Inverse-Telecine Filter
          De-Interlace Filter
       RealVideo Options
          Variable Bit Rate Encoding
          Two-Pass Encoding
          Loss Protection

5 Flash Animation
    Understanding Flash
       Software Versions for Flash
       Flash in the Three-Pane Environment
       Flash Bandwidth Characteristics
       Flash Clip Size
       Flash CPU Use
    Adding Audio to Flash
       Adding Event Sounds
       Using a Continuous Soundtrack
       Dividing Bandwidth Between Flash and RealAudio
          Targeting 28.8 Kbps Modems
          Targeting 56 Kbps Modems
          Targeting Both 28.8 and 56 Kbps Modems
       Tips for Choosing RealAudio Codecs
    Using Interactive Flash Commands
       Flash Clip Timeline Commands
       RealOne Player Commands
          Seeking Into a Presentation
          Playing, Pausing, or Stopping a Presentation
          Popping Up New Media Windows
       Go To Commands
       Load Movie Commands
          Timeline Slider Activity with Multiple Clips
          Using SMIL Instead of Load Movie
       Secure Transactions
       Mouse Events
    Streaming a Flash Clip

6 RealText Markup
    Understanding RealText
       RealText Language Support
       Text Alternatives
       Structure of a RealText Clip
       Rules for RealText Markup
       RealText Bandwidth
       RealText in a SMIL Presentation
       RealText Broadcast Application
    Setting RealText Window Attributes
       Specifying the Window Type
          Window Type Default Values
       Setting the Window Size and Color
          Creating a Transparent Window Background
          RealText Window Size and SMIL Region Size
       Setting the Clip Duration
          RealText Durations and SMIL Durations
          Tips for Setting RealText Clip Durations
       Adding a Version Number
       Specifying Hyperlink Appearance
       Controlling Text Flow
          Setting a Scroll Rate or a Crawl Rate
          Wrapping Text to New Lines
          Looping Text
          Ignoring Extra Spaces
    Timing and Positioning Text
       Controlling When Text Appears and Disappears
          Using an End Time
          Tips for Using <time/> Tags
       Clearing Text from the Window
       Positioning Text in a Window
       Aligning Text in a Tickertape Window
       Ensuring Text Delivery
    Specifying Languages, Fonts, and Text Colors
       Specifying the Character Set
          us-ascii
          iso-8859-1
          mac-roman
          x-sjis
          gb2312
          big5
          iso-2022-kr
       Setting the Font
          English and European Language Fonts
          Asian Language Fonts
       Setting the Text Size
       Controlling Text Colors
          Setting Text Letter Colors
          Creating Text Background Colors
          Specifying RealText Color Values
          Using Transparency as a Color
    Controlling Text Layout and Appearance
       Adding Space Between Text Blocks
          <p>...</p>
          <br/>
       Centering Text
       Preformatting Text
       Using HTML-Compatible Tags
          <ol>...</ol>
          <ul>...</ul>
          <li>...</li>
          <hr/>
       Emphasizing Text
          <b>...</b>
          <i>...</i>
          <s>...</s>
          <u>...</u>
    Creating Links and Issuing Commands
       Creating a Mail Link
       Opening Media or HTML Pages
          Example 1: Opening a Streaming Media URL
          Example 2: Opening an HTML Page
          Example 3: Opening a URL in the Form protocol:path
       Issuing RealOne Player Commands
          Seeking Into a Presentation
          Pausing a Presentation
          Resuming Playback
    Using Coded Characters
       Using Coded Characters with the mac-roman Character Set
    RealText Examples
       Generic Window
       Tickertape Window
       Scrolling News Window
       Teleprompter Window

7 RealPix Markup
    Understanding RealPix
       RealPix and SMIL
          RealPix Slideshow Advantages
          SMIL 2.0 Slideshow Advantages
       Image Formats and Features
          JPEGTRAN for JPEG Images
          Image Transparency
       RealPix Timelines
       Structure of a RealPix File
       Rules for RealPix Markup
       RealPix Broadcast Application
    Managing RealPix Bandwidth
       Estimating the Required Bandwidth and Preroll
       Calculating Individual Image Streaming Times
       Lowering RealPix Preroll
       Masking Preroll With Other Clips
    Setting Slideshow Characteristics
       Defining the Presentation Size
       Specifying the Time Format
       Setting the Presentation Duration
          Tips for Setting a RealPix Duration
       Controlling the Streaming Bit Rate
       Defining the Title, Author, and Copyright
       Creating a Background Color
       Setting a Preroll Value
       Adding a Presentation URL
       Handling Image Aspect Ratios
       Setting the Maximum Frames Per Second
    Defining Images
       Creating an Image Handle
       Specifying an Image File Name and Path
          Streaming the Presentation
          Keeping All Files on the Same Server
          Using Absolute, Local URLs
       Indicating the Image Size for Web Servers
       Setting the Mime Type
    Using Common Transition Effects Attributes
       Setting an Effect Start Time
       Specifying an Effect Duration
       Selecting the Image Target
       Creating an Effect URL
          Opening URLs Automatically
       Changing an Image's Aspect Ratio
       Capping an Effect's Frame Rate
    Creating RealPix Transition Effects
       Fading In on an Image
       Fading an Image Out to a Color
       Crossfading One Image Into Another
       Painting a Color Fill
       Creating a Wipe Effect
          Setting the Wipe Type
          Choosing the Wipe Direction
       Controlling an Animated GIF Image
       Zooming In, Zooming Out, and Panning
          Zooming In on an Image
          Panning Across an Image
    Controlling Image Size and Placement
       Defining Source and Destination Attributes
       Exhibiting Part of an Image in the Entire Display Area
       Showing All of an Image in Part of the Display Area
       Filling Part of the Display Area with Part of the Source Image
    RealPix Example
       Step 1: Determine the Bandwidth Use
          Choose the RealAudio Streaming Rate
          Determine the Image Bandwidth Requirements
       Step 2: Write the RealPix File
       Step 3: Write the SMIL File

8 SMIL Basics
    Understanding SMIL
       Advantages of Using SMIL
       SMIL 1.0 and SMIL 2.0
       SMIL 2.0 Modules
       SMIL 2.0 Profiles
       Interoperability Between SMIL-Based Players
          SMIL Version
          SMIL Profile
          Clip Support
          Media Player Launch Methods
    Creating a SMIL File
       The SMIL 2.0 Tag and Namespace
       Header and Body Sections
       Tags, Attributes, and Values
       Binary and Unary Tags
          Changing a Unary Tag to a Binary Tag
       SMIL Recommendations
       SMIL Tag ID Values
    Using Customized SMIL Attributes
       RealNetworks Extensions Namespace
       System Component Namespace
       A Closer Look at Namespaces
          Why does SMIL use namespaces?
          Why are prefixes used?
          Why are prefixes user-definable?
       Tips for Defining Namespaces
    Viewing SMIL Source Markup
    Playback Differences from SMIL 1.0
       Behavioral Changes
       Updating SMIL 1.0 Files to SMIL 2.0

9 Clip Source Tags
    Creating Clip Source Tags
       Adding a Clip ID
       Setting a Clip's Streaming Speed
          Using the bitrate Parameter
          Ensuring Reliable Clip Transmission
       Creating a Brush Object
       Using a Ram File as a Source
       Using a SMIL File as a Source
          Handling Layouts
          Using Timing Attributes
    Writing Clip Source URLs
       Linking to Local Clips
          Creating Relative Links to Other Directories
          Writing Absolute Links
       Creating a Base URL
       Linking to Clips on Helix Universal Server
       Linking to Clips on a Web Server
       Caching Clips on RealOne Player
          Using the CHTTP Caching Protocol
          Controlling the RealOne Player Cache
    Modifying Clip Colors
       Adjusting Clip Transparency and Opacity
          Adding Transparency to All Opaque Colors
          Creating Transparency in a Clip's Background Color
       Substituting Transparency for a Specific Color
          Selecting a Color to Render Transparent
          Using Partial Transparency
          Expanding the Transparency Range
       Substituting a Color for Transparency
    Adding Text to a SMIL Presentation
       Displaying a Plain Text File
          Tips for Using a Plain Text File
       Writing Inline Text
          Using Inline Text Escape Characters
          Tips for Using Inline Text
       Changing Text Characteristics
          Choosing a Character Set
          Selecting a Font
          Choosing Font Colors
          Setting Font Sizes
          Bolding or Italicizing Text
          Turning off Word Wrap
          Ignoring Tabs
          Aligning Text

10 Presentation Information
    Understanding Presentation Information
       Information Encoded in Clips
       Clip Source Tag and Group Information
       SMIL Presentation Information
       Accessibility Information
       RealOne Player Related Info Pane
       Coded Characters
    Adding Clip and Group Information
       Where Title, Author, and Copyright Information Displays
       Using Clips Within Groups
    Defining Information for the SMIL Presentation
       Example of Presentation and Clip Information
    Adding Accessibility Information
       Including an Alternate Clip Description
       Using a Long Description
       Setting the Clip Read Order

11 Groups
    Understanding Groups
       Groups Within Groups
    Playing Clips in Sequence
       Creating Sequences Without Sequence Tags
       Tips for Creating Sequences
    Playing Clips in Parallel
       Tips for Creating Parallel Groups
    Synchronizing Playback in Parallel Groups
       Creating an Independent Timeline
       Setting the Synchronization Behavior
          Synchronizing Clips
          Synchronizing Groups
       Specifying Synchronization Behavior Default Values
          Setting Groups to Inherit Synchronization Defaults
          Nested Group Interactions with Synchronization Behaviors
       Loosening the Synchronization for Locked Elements
       Specifying Synchronization Tolerance Default Values
       Tips for Synchronizing Clips
    Creating an Exclusive Group
       Defining Interactive Begin Times
       Using Clip Interruption
       Modifying Clip Interruption Behavior
          Controlling How Peers Interact
          Setting Interactions with Higher Priority Classes
          Setting Interactions with Lower Priority Classes
          Specifying How Paused Clips Display
       Tips for Defining Exclusive Groups and Priority Classes

12 Layout
    Understanding Layouts
       Root-Layout Area
       Playback Regions
       Subregions
       Secondary Media Playback Windows
          Secondary Pop-up Windows Versus Hyperlinked Pop-up Windows
       Clip Position and Fit
          Clip Position
          Clip Fit
       Tips for Laying Out Presentations
          How big should I make the root-layout area?
          Should my presentation use secondary media playback windows?
          How many regions should I create?
          Should I define subregions?
          Should I create registration points?
          Can I use subregions instead of registration points to position clips?
       Layout Tag Summary
    Creating Main and Secondary Media Windows
       Defining the Main Media Playback Pane
       Creating Secondary Media Playback Windows
          Controlling When Secondary Media Windows Open and Close
          Tips for Defining Secondary Media Playback Windows
       Controlling Resize Behavior
    Defining Playback Regions
       Setting Region IDs and Names
       Defining Region Sizes and Positions
          Layout Example 1: Region Width and Height
          Layout Example 2: Four Region Offsets
          Layout Example 3: Region Sizes and Two Offsets
          Layout Example 4: Two Offsets
          Layout Example 5: Single Offsets for Two Regions
          Layout Example 6: Overlapping Regions
          Tips for Defining Region Sizes and Offsets
       Assigning Clips to Regions
       Stacking Regions That Overlap
          Tips for Defining z-index Values
       Adding Background Colors
          Setting When Background Colors Appear
          Making a Region Partially Transparent
          Transparency in Regions and Clips
          Changing the Region Color Through a Clip Source Tag
       Controlling Audio Volume in a Region
       Defining Subregions
          Tips for Defining Subregions
          Defining Single-Use Subregions
    Positioning Clips in Regions
       Using Alignment Values
       Defining Registration Points in Clip Source Tags
          Avoiding Problems When Defining Registration Points
          Using Common Registration Point Values in Clip Source Tags
       Creating a Reusable Registration Point
          Positioning the Registration Point
          Assigning a Registration Point to Clips
          Using Common Values in <regPoint/> Tags
          Tips for Defining <regPoint/> Tags
    Fitting Clips to Regions
       fit Attribute Values
       Overriding a Region's fit Attribute
       Tips for Defining the fit Attribute
    Layout Examples
       Centering a Video on a Background Image
       Displaying a Letterbox Clip
       Turning Down an Audio Clip's Volume
       Playing Three Clips Side-by-Side
       Placing a Clip in a Secondary Media Playback Window
       Playing the Same Clip in Multiple Regions

13 Basic Timing
    Understanding Basic Timing
       Groups Create the Timing Superstructure
       Timing is Relative to Groups
       Timing Attributes Covered in this Chapter
    Specifying Time Values
       Using Shorthand Time Values
       Using the Normal Play Time Format
    Setting Begin and End Times
       Using a Begin Time with a Clip
       Using an End Time with a Clip
       Using Begin and End Times with Groups
    Setting Internal Clip Begin and End Times
       Combining clipBegin and clipEnd with begin and end
    Setting Durations
       Choosing end or dur
       Setting a Duration for the Length of Media Playback
       Using an Indefinite Duration
       Tips for Setting Durations
    Setting Minimum and Maximum Times
    Ending a Group on a Specific Clip
       Stopping a Group After the Last Clip Plays
       Stopping the Group When a Specific Clip Finishes
       Tips for Using the endsync Attribute
    Repeating an Element
       Repeating an Element a Certain Number of Times
       Repeating an Element a Specific Amount of Time
       Specifying the Length of Each Repeating Cycle
       Setting a Total Playback Time
       Looping Playback Indefinitely
       Stopping a Clip's Encoded Repetitions
       Managing Bandwidth with Repeating Clips
          Leaving Bandwidth Available for Repeating Cycles
          Helix Universal Server Streams Used with Repeating Clips
       Tips for Repeating Elements
    Setting a Fill
       Using an Automatic Fill
       Setting a Fill with Sequential Clips
       Setting a Fill in Parallel Groups
       Setting a Fill in Exclusive Groups
       Displaying a Clip Throughout a Presentation
       Summary of Common Clip fill Values
       Setting a Group Fill
       Tips for Setting a Fill
    Specifying a Default Fill
       Adding a Default Fill to a Group
       Inheriting a Default Fill from a Containing Group

14 Advanced Timing
    Understanding Advanced Timing
       Advanced Timing Syntax
       Event Types
       Positive Offset Times
          Interactive Events with Positive Offset Times
          Scheduled Events with Positive Offset Times
       Negative Offset Times
          Simple Negative Offset Times
          Interactive Events with Negative Offset Times
          Scheduled Events with Negative Offset Times
       Multiple Timing Values
          Tips for Specifying Multiple Time Values
    Defining an Element Start or Stop Event
       Sample Values
       Example
    Defining a Repeat Event
       Sample Values
       Example
    Defining a Mouse Event
       Sample Values
       Examples
          Starting a Clip when Another Clip is Clicked
          Changing a Background Color on a Mouseover
          Changing a Clip on a Mouseover
    Defining a Keyboard Event
       Sample Values
       Example
       Tips for Defining Keyboard Events
    Defining a Secondary Window Event
       Sample Values
       Example
    Using Media Markers
    Coordinating Clips to an External Clock
    Controlling Whether an Element Restarts
       Setting a Default Restart Value
          Nested Group Interactions with Restart Values

15 Hyperlinks
    Understanding Hyperlinks
       Links to HTML Pages
       Links to Streaming Media
          Linked Pop-Up Windows vs. Secondary Pop-Up Windows
          Hyperlinks vs. Exclusive Groups
       Methods of Activating a Link
       General Tips for Creating Hypertext Tags
    Creating a Simple Link
    Using the <area/> Tag
       Creating a Timed Link
       Defining Hot Spots
          Creating a Rectangular Hot Spot
          Defining a Circular Hot Spot
          Making a Polygonal Hot Spot
          Tips for Defining Hot Spots
    Defining Basic Hyperlink Properties
       Specifying the Link URL
       Leaving Out a URL Reference for Hot Spots
       Opening a Link on a Keystroke
          Tips for Defining Access Keys
       Opening a URL Automatically
       Displaying Alternate Link Text
       Setting a Tab Index for Multiple Links
    Linking to HTML Pages
       Selecting a Browsing Window
          Targeting the Media Browser Pane
          Using the Viewer's Default Browser
       Opening HTML Pages in the Related Info Pane
          Setting the Related Info Pane Size
          Making Room for the Related Info Pane
          Tips for Using the Related Info Pane
       Targeting a Frame or Named Window
       Controlling the Media Playback State
       Tips for Opening HTML Page Links
    Linking to Streaming Media
       Replacing the Source Presentation
       Opening a New Media Playback Window with SMIL
          Targeting a Specific Window or Region
          Tips for Opening Streaming Media in New Windows
       Linking to a SMIL Fragment
          Linking to a Clip with a Timeline Offset
          Tips for Linking to SMIL Fragments
       Adjusting Audio Volumes in Linked Presentations
       Opening a Media Playback Window with a Clip Link
          Window Names
          Target URL
          Zoom Level
          Examples
          Tips for Opening Media Windows with RealText, ReaPix, or Flash
    Hyperlink Examples
       Opening Web Pages During a Presentation
       Opening Pages on a Mouse Click

16 Transition Effects
    Understanding Transition Effects
       Timelines and Transition Effects
       Layouts and Transition Effects
       Animations and Transition Effects
       Audio and Transition Effects
       Multiple Clips with Transition Effects
       Summary of Transition Effects Tags
    Defining Transition Types
       Edge Wipe Transition Effects
       Iris Wipe Transition Effects
       Clock Wipe Transition Effects
       Matrix Wipe Transition Effects
       Fade, Push, and Slide Transition Effects
    Modifying Transition Effects
       Setting a Transition Effect's Duration
       Reversing a Transition Effect's Direction
       Using Partial Transition Effects
          Tips for Using Partial Transition Effects
       Repeating Transition Effects Horizontally or Vertically
       Setting a Border Width
       Defining Colors and Border Blends
    Assigning Transition Effects to Clips
       Using Clip Fills with Transition Effects
          Defining a Transition Fill for a Sequence of Clips
          Setting a Fill in Parallel Groups
    Transition Effects Examples
       Fading to a Color Between Clips
       Crossfading Videos

17 Animations
    Understanding Animations
       Animation Tags
       Animation Tag Placement
          In a Clip Source Tag
          In a Parallel Group
          In a Sequence
       SMIL Timing with Animations
       Simultaneous Animations
    Creating Basic Animations
       Selecting the Element and Attribute to Animate
          Animating Window Attributes
          Animating Region Attributes
          Animating Clip Attributes
          Animating Hot Spot Attributes
       Defining Simple Animation Values
          Animating an Attribute to a Certain Point
          Animating an Attribute by a Certain Value
          Tips for Defining Simple Animation Values
       Defining a Range of Animation Values
          Tips for Defining a Values List
    Controlling How an Animation Flows
       Jumping from Value to Value
       Moving Linearly from Point to Point
       Flowing at an Even Pace
    Creating Additive and Cumulative Animations
       Adding Animation Values to a Base Value
       Making Animations Repeat and Grow
    Using the Specialized Animation Tags
       Animating Colors
       Creating Horizontal and Vertical Motion
       Setting an Attribute Value
    Manipulating Animation Timing

18 Switching
    Understanding Switching
       Creating a Switch Group
       Adding a Default Option to a Switch Group
       Using Inline Switching
          Choosing Inline Switching or a Switch Group
       Available Test Attributes
       Tips for Writing Switch Groups
    Switching Between Language Choices
       Setting Language Codes
       Providing Subtitles or Overdubbing
    Switching Between Bandwidth Choices
       Switching with SureStream Clips
    Enhancing Presentation Accessibility
    Switching Based on the Viewer's Computer
       Switching for CPU Type
       Switching for Operating System
       Switching for Monitor Size or Color Depth
          Specifying a Monitor Size
          Specifying a Color Depth
    Checking Components and Version Numbers
       Defining Test Attributes in SMIL 2.0
       Combining SMIL 2.0 with SMIL 1.0
          Testing for the Player Version
    Switch Group Examples
       Multiple Test Attributes
          Example 1: Multiple Test Attributes for Each Clip
          Example 2: Nested <switch> Groups
       Different Video Sizes Chosen Automatically
       Subtitles and HTML Pages in Different Languages
          Example 1: RealText Subtitles
          Example 2: Different HTML Pages for Different Languages
       System Captions Using RealText
          Example 1: Transparent RealText Overlay
          Example 2: Caption Region
          Example 3: Media Playback Pane Resized for Captions
       Backward-Compatible SMIL File
       Full SMIL File Switching

19 Prefetching
    Understanding Prefetching
    Using the <prefetch/> Tag
    Managing Prefetch Bandwidth
       Specifying Prefetch Bandwidth in Bits Per Second
       Specifying Prefetch Bandwidth as a Percentage
    Controlling Prefetch Data Download Size
       Prefetching a Specific Amount of Data
       Prefetching a Specific Length of a Clip's Timeline
    Tips for Prefetching Data
       RealAudio and RealVideo Prefetching
       Prefetch URLs
       SMIL Timing with Prefetching
       Prefetch Testing
    Prefetching Examples
       Displaying an Image Until Prefetching Completes
       Prefetching and Caching an Image

20 Web Page Embedding
    Understanding Web Page Embedding
       Embedding vs. the Three-Pane Environment
       <EMBED> and <OBJECT> Tags
       Layout Possibilities
          Defining a Layout with SMIL and HTML
          Defining a Layout with HTML Alone
       RealOne Player Controls
       Javascript and VBScript
    Using <EMBED> Tags
       Setting <EMBED> Tag Parameters
       Specifying the Source
          Developing Your Presentation
          Delivering Your Presentation
          Using Helix Universal Server's Ramgen to Eliminate the Ram File
       Setting the Width and Height
       Turning off the Java Virtual Machine
       Supporting Other Browsers
    Using <OBJECT> Tags
       Setting <OBJECT> Tag Parameters
       Specifying the Source
       Combining <EMBED> with <OBJECT>
    Adding RealOne Player Controls
       Basic Controls
       Individual Controls and Sliders
       Information Panels
       Status Panels
       Linking Multiple Controls
          Tips for Using Consoles
          Multiple Controls Example
    Controlling Image Display
       Setting a Background Color
       Centering a Clip
       Maintaining a Clip's Aspect Ratio
       Suppressing the RealOne Logo
    Setting Automatic Playback
       Starting a Presentation Automatically
       Looping a Presentation Continuously
       Specifying a Number of Loops
       Setting Shuffle Play
    Laying Out SMIL Presentations
       Defining the Layout with SMIL
       Defining the Layout with HTML

21 Presentation Delivery
    Understanding Linking and URLs
       The Ram File
          How a Ram File Works
          The Ram File for Embedded Presentations
          The Ramgen Alternative to Ram Files
       The Difference Between RTSP and HTTP
          Which URLs Use Which Protocol
       Directory Paths and URLs
    Launching RealOne Player with a Ram File
       Writing a Basic Ram File
       Adding Comments to a Ram File
       Streaming Different Clips to Different RealPlayers
          Using the Ram File Multiple-Player Syntax
          Tips for Writing Multiple-Player Ram Files
       Examples of Linking a Web Page to Clips
          Linking to a Single Clip
          Linking to an Embedded Clip
          Linking to a SMIL Presentation
    Passing Parameters Through a Ram File
       Opening a URL in an HTML Pane
          Background Color Values
          Examples of Opening HTML Pages
          Tips for Opening HTML URLs
       Controlling How a Presentation Initially Displays
          Examples of Setting a Presentation's Initial Display
          Tips for Setting the Initial Display
       Overriding Title, Author, and Copyright Information
          Example of Setting Title, Author, and Copyright Information
       Setting Clip Information
          Using Text Escape Characters
          Example of Setting Clip Information
    Using Ramgen for Clips on Helix Universal Server
       Linking Your Web Page to Helix Universal Server Using Ramgen
       Listing Alternative Presentations with Ramgen
       Combining Ramgen Options
    Hosting Clips on a Web Server
       Web Server MIME Types
       GZIP Encoding for Large Text Files
          Tips for Using GZIP
       Limitations on Web Server Playback
          No SureStream Clips Encoded for Multiple Bandwidths
          No Secure RealAudio and RealVideo Clips
          Limited Ability to Keep Parallel Clips Synchronized
          No Way to Set Image Streaming Speeds
          RealPix Presentations Require Clip Size Information
          SMIL File Optional
          SMIL Internal Timing Commands Do Not Work
          No Presentation Seeking
          No RTSP URLs
          No Live Broadcasting
    Testing Your Presentation
    Advertising on RealGuide
    Using RealNetworks Logos

A Basic Questions
    Playing Media with RealOne Player
    Creating Streaming Clips
    Getting Production Tools
    Using SureStream
    Writing SMIL Files
    Streaming Clips
    Broadcasting
    Getting Technical Support

B Production Tasks
    Streaming Media Concepts
    RealAudio Clips
    RealVideo Clips
    Flash Clips
    RealText Markup
    RealPix Markup
    Basic SMIL Questions
    Clips and URLs
    Colors and Transparency
    Layouts
    Basic Timing and Groups
    Advanced Timing
    Hyperlinks
    Special Effects
    Advanced Streaming
    Web Page Embedding
    Presentation Delivery

C Color Values
    Using Color Names
    Defining Hexadecimal Color Values
       Using Six-Digit Hexadecimal Values
       Defining Three-Digit Hexadecimal Values
    Specifying RGB Color Values
       Using Standard RGB Color Values
       Specifying RGB Percentages
    Tips for Defining Color Values

D SMIL Tag Summary
    <smil>...</smil>
    Header Tags
       <meta/>
       <layout>...</layout>
          <root-layout/>
          <topLayout>...</topLayout>
          <region/>
          <regPoint/>
       <transition/>
    Clip Source Tags
       Streaming and Information
       Timing and Layout
          Advanced Timing Attributes
       Color and Transparency
       Text Characteristics
       <prefetch/>
    Group Tags
       <seq>...</seq>
       <par>...</par>
       <excl>...</excl>
          <priorityClass>...</priorityClass>
       <switch>...</switch>
          Test Attributes
    Hyperlink Tags
       <a>...</a>
       <area/>
    Animation Tags
       <animate/>
       <animateColor/>
       <animateMotion/>
       <set/>

E RealText Tag Summary
    Window Tag Attributes
    Time and Position Tags
    Font Tag Attributes
    Layout and Appearance Tags
    Hyperlinking Commands

F RealPix Tag Summary
    <imfl>...</imfl>
    <head/>
    <image/>
    <animate/>
    <crossfade/>
    <fadein/>
    <fadeout/>
    <fill/>
    <wipe/>
    <viewchange/>

G Ram File Summary
    Parameter Syntax
    Parameters and Values

H File Type Summary

I Language Codes

Glossary