ÀϹÝÀûÀ¸·Î, FreeBSD´Â ´Ù¸¥ À¯´Ð½º¿Í ¸¶Âù°¡Áö·Î, ³×Æ®¿öÅ·¿¡ Å©°Ô ¿ªÁ¡À» µÎ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ±×·¯¹Ç·Î, ÀÌ´õ³Ý Ä«µå°¡ ¾ø´Â °æ¿ìÀÏ Áö¶óµµ, Çʼö ¿É¼Ç°ú ´ÙÀ̾ó-¾÷ ³×Æ®¿öÅ· Áö¿ø¿¡ ÁÖÀǸ¦ ±â¿ï¿©¾ß ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
³×Æ®¿÷Å· Áö¿øÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ³×Æ®¿÷¿¡ ¿¬°áÇÒ »ý°¢ÀÌ ¾ø´õ¶óµµ ±×³É ³õ¾Æ µÎ¾î¾ß ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ´ëºÎºÐÀÇ ÇÁ·Î±×·¥Àº ÃÖ¼ÒÇÑ ·çÇÁ¹é(loopback) (Áï, PC ³»ºÎ¿¡¼ ³×Æ®¿÷ ¿¬°áÀ» ÇÏ´Â) ³×Æ®¿÷Å·ÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ±×·¯¹Ç·Î ÀÌ°ÍÀº ÇʼöÀûÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
´ÙÀ½ ÇàÀº ´Ù¾çÇÑ ÀÌ´õ³Ý Ä«µå¸¦ Áö¿øÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ¸¸ÀÏ ³×Æ®¿÷ Ä«µå°¡ ¾ø´Ù¸é, ÀÌÇàÀ» ÁÖ¼® ó¸®Çصµ µË´Ï´Ù. ³×Æ®¿÷ Ä«µå°¡ ÀÖ´Ù¸é, »ç¿ëÇϴ ƯÁ¤ Ä«µå Áö¿ø ºÎºÐÀ» ³²°Ü ³õÀ¸¼¼¿ä:
Digital Equipment DC21040, DC21041, DC21140 ĨÀ» »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â ÀÌ´õ³Ý ¾î´ðÅ͵é
Intel EtherExpress Pro/100B
3Com 3C590 and 3C595 (buggy)
Cronyx/Sigma multiport sync/async (with Cisco or PPP framing)
Western Digital and SMC 80xx and 8216; Novell NE1000 and NE2000; 3Com 3C503; HP PC Lan Plus (HP27247B and HP27252A)
3Com 3C501 (´À¸³´Ï´Ù!)
3Com 3C505
3Com 3C509 (¹ö±×°¡ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù)
Fujitsu MB86960A/MB86965A Ethernet
DEC DEFEA EISA FDDI adapter
AT&T StarLAN 10 and EN100; 3Com 3C507; unknown NI5210
Intel EtherExpress 16
Digital Equipment EtherWorks 2 and EtherWorks 3 (DEPCA, DE100, DE101, DE200, DE201, DE202, DE203, DE204, DE205, DE422)
Lance/PCnet cards (Isolan, Novell NE2100, NE32-VL)
IBM/National Semiconductor PCMCIA ethernet controller.
3Com PCMCIA Etherlink III
ÁÖ: ¾î¶² Ä«µå´Â (ƯÈ÷ NE2000°æ¿ì) ``Ç¥ÁØ°ª(standard)''ÀÌ ¾øÀ¸¹Ç·Î, IO Æ÷Æ®³ª IRQ °ªÀ» º¯°æÇØ¾ß ÇÒ ÇÊ¿ä°¡ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
loop
´Â TCP/IPÀÇ ÀϹÝÀûÀÎ ·çÇÁ¹é(loopback)
ÀåÄ¡ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ¸¸ÀÏ localhost
(a.k.a. 127.0.0.1
)¿¡ ÅÚ³ÝÀ̳ª FTP·Î Á¢¼ÓÇϸé
ÀÌ °¡»ó ÀåÄ¡¸¦ ÅëÇØ µÇµ¹¾Æ ¿É´Ï´Ù. Çʼö.
ether
´Â ÀÌ´õ³Ý Ä«µå°¡ ÀÖÀ» °æ¿ì¸¸ ÇÊ¿äÇϸç,
ÀϹÝÀûÀÎ ÀÌ´õ³Ý ÇÁ·ÎÅäÄÝ Äڵ带 Æ÷ÇÔÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
sl
´Â SLIP (Serial Line Internet
Protocol)¸¦ Áö¿øÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ°ÍÀº °£´ÜÈ÷ ¼³Á¤ÀÌ °¡´ÉÇϸç,
¸ðµ©°ú ¸ðµ© °£ÀÇ ¿¬°á¿¡ Àû´çÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
sl
µÚÀÇ number´Â µ¿½Ã¿¡ ¸î °³ÀÇ SLIP
sessionsÀ» Áö¿øÇÏ´ÂÁö¸¦ ³ªÅ¸³À´Ï´Ù.
SLIP ¼³Á¤¿¡ °üÇÑ ÀÚ¼¼ÇÑ ¼³¸íÀº
Ŭ¶óÀ̾ðÆ® ¶Ç´Â
¼¹ö¿¡ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
ppp
´Â ´ÙÀ̾ó-¾÷ ÀÎÅÍ³Ý Á¢¼ÓÀ» À§ÇÑ
kernel-mode PPP (Point-to-Point Protocol)À»
Áö¿øÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ°Í ¿Ü¿¡ tun
À» ÀÌ¿ëÇϸé¼
´õ ¸¹Àº À¯¿¬¼º°ú ÁÖ¹®Çü ´ÙÀ̾ó¸µ(demand dialing:
ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ÀÌ Á¢¼Ó ¿ä±¸¸¦ Çϸé ÀÚµ¿À¸·Î Àüȸ¦ °É¾îÁÖ´Â ±â´É)°°Àº
Ư¡À» Á¦°øÇØÁÖ´Â »ç¿ëÀÚ ÀÀ¿ë ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ ¼öÁØÀ¸·Î ±¸ÇöµÇ¾îÁö´Â
PPP ¹öÁ¯ÀÌ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
ÀÌ PPP µå¶óÀ̹ö¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ°í ½ÍÀ¸¸é,
kernel-mode PPP ÀýÀ» Àо¼¼¿ä.
sl
ó·³ number´Â µ¿½Ã¿¡ PPP Á¢¼ÓÀ»
Áö¿øÇÏ´Â ¼ýÀÚ¸¦ ³ªÅ¸³À´Ï´Ù.
tun
´Â user-mode PPP ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾î¿¡ ÀÇÇØ »ç¿ëµË´Ï´Ù.
ÀÌ ÇÁ·Î±×·¥Àº ¼³Á¤ÀÌ °£´ÜÇÏ°í ¸Å¿ì ºü¸¨´Ï´Ù.
ÀÌ°ÍÀº ¶Ç ÀÚµ¿ ÁÖ¹®Çü ´ÙÀ̾ó(automatic dial-on-demand)°ú
°°Àº Ưº°ÇÑ ±â´Éµµ °¡Áö°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. tun
µÚÀÇ ¼ýÀÚ´Â
µ¿½Ã¿¡ Áö¿ø°¡´ÉÇÑ PPP sessionÀÇ ¼ö¸¦ ³ªÅ¸³À´Ï´Ù.
ÀÚ¼¼ÇÑ °ÍÀº
user-mode PPP ÀýÀ»
ÂüÁ¶Çϼ¼¿ä.
¹öŬ¸® ÆÐŶ ÇÊÅÍ(Berkeley packet filter).
ÀÌ °¡»ó ÀåÄ¡´Â ³×Æ®¿öÅ© ÀÎÅÍÆäÀ̽º¸¦ ¹«Â÷º°(promiscuous)
¸ðµå·Î ³õ°í, ³×Æ®¿öÅ©(¿¹¸¦ µé¸é, ÀÌ´õ³Ý)¿¡
ºê·Îµåij½ºÆ®µÇ´Â ¸ðµç ÆÐŶÀ» ĸÃÄ(capturing)ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ°Ô ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
ÀÌ ÆÐŶµéÀº µð½ºÅ©¿¡ ĸÃÄÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ°í
tcpdump(1)
¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇØ Á¶»çÇÒ ¼öµµ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ ±â´ÉÀ»
±¸ÇöÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº ÀüüÀûÀÎ ³×Æ®¿÷ º¸¾ÈÀ» ½É°¢ÇÏ°Ô ÇØÄ¥ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù´Â
»ç½ÇÀ» ÁÖÀÇÇØ¾ß ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
bpfilter´ÙÀ½ÀÇ number´Â µ¿½Ã¿¡ °Ë»çµÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â
ÀÎÅÍÆäÀ̽ºÀÇ °³¼öÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ºÎÂ÷ÀûÀÎ ¿É¼ÇÀ̸ç, ÀáÀçÀûÀÎ À§Çè
°¡´É¼º¿¡ ´ëÇØ ÃæºÐÇϱâ ÀνÄÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â »ç¶÷µéÀ» Á¦¿ÜÇÏ°í´Â
°áÄÚ ÃßõµÇÁö ¾Ê´Â ¿É¼ÇÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ¸ðµç ³×Æ®¿öÅ© Ä«µå°¡ ÀÌ ±â´ÉÀ»
Áö¿øÇÏ´Â °Íµµ ¾Æ´Õ´Ï´Ù.